Early and Late TAVI Outcomes in Aortic Stenosis with Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Systematic Review

Concomitant transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) is increasingly recognized among elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) referred to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), yet its impact on early and late outcomes remains incompletely defined. We conducted a systematic review of studies comparing TAVI outcomes in patients with isolated AS and those with AS+ATTR-CA. Eleven observational studies were included, comprising 644,107 patients with isolated AS and 1,637 with AS+ATTR-CA. AS+ATTR-CA patients were older, more frequently male, and showed more atrial fibrillation, mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, and markedly elevated cardiac biomarkers. Thirty-day mortality was low and similar between groups, with no consistent differences in stroke or major bleeding, whereas acute kidney injury and permanent pacemaker implantation were more frequent in AS+ATTR-CA. During follow-up, AS+ATTR-CA patients experienced higher heart failure readmissions and late all-cause mortality. ATTR-CA should not preclude TAVI but should inform risk stratification, peri-procedural management, and post-TAVI follow-up.