[Research progress in nano-delivery systems of active ingredients in TCM for treating kidney diseases]

Kidney diseases, with rising incidences, pose a serious challenge to global public health. Modern medical treatments exhibit numerous limitations, while TCM approaches for kidney diseases face low bioavailability and insufficient targeting. The unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles enable nanoparticle drug delivery systems(NDDS) to achieve precise targeting of TCM active ingredients for kidney diseases through passive and active targeting strategies. This paper systematically describes the definition, classification, physicochemical factors, and core advantages of NDDS. Furthermore, it summarizes the applications and mechanisms of NDDS in various kidney diseases and discusses the challenges and future prospects for clinical translation. This review aims to establish a novel path for the precision treatment of kidney diseases with TCM.