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Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) capturing therapy adherence of cancer patients: an umbrella review
Luise Richter1, Sophie Pauge2, Wolfgang Greiner2
1Methods in Empirical Social Research, Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Background:
Adherence is a key determinant of treatment success in oncology and, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), describes how closely patients follow the recommendations agreed upon with their healthcare provider, including taking medications, adhering to dietary plans, or making lifestyle changes. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide insights into patients' perceptions, barriers, and beliefs. However, a comprehensive overview of adherence-related PROMs in oncology is lacking.
Methods:
We conducted a systematic umbrella review in PubMed and Embase up to October 2024 in adult cancer patients. A qualitative synthesis was performed to classify adherence dimensions according to the WHO framework and to evaluate the validation status.
Results:
Of 6,073 records screened, 89 systematic literature reviews (SLR) were included, encompassing 599 PROM applications. Most PROMs assessed medication adherence (41.1%). 4.8% of PROMs measured multiple adherence dimensions. 49.7% of PROMs were validated, while for 39.7% of PROMs validation status was not reported.
Conclusion:
Adherence-related PROMs in oncology predominantly focus on medication, while lifestyle and multidimensional aspects remain underrepresented. Validation status is frequently unclear. Standardized and validated modular PROMs are needed to inform the choice of PROMs for monitoring patient adherence in clinical practice and to enhance health outcomes.
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Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care evaluation by...