Associations between MRI Findings of the Anterolateral Ligament in Knee Injuries and Clinical Variables in Candidates
Farsad Nemati Karimooy1, Reza Ganji2, Hadi Makhmalbaf3
1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Objectives:
To evaluate the associations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) and clinical variables in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
Methods:
This retrospective multicenter study included patients with clinically confirmed ACL tears scheduled for reconstruction between January and August 2024 at three orthopedic centers in Mashhad. MRI examinations were performed using a 1.5-T scanner and interpreted by two to three experienced radiologists. Associations between MRI-detected ALL injuries and clinical variables were analyzed statistically.
Results:
Eighty-three patients (mean age, 29 years; 90.6% male) were included. MRI identified ALL injuries in 34 patients (41.0%), while 45 patients (54.2%) had no detectable ALL injury; four cases were unclassified. Concomitant ACL and ALL injuries were present in 41.7% of patients. A high-grade pivot shift test was positive in 54.2% of cases. Medial and lateral meniscal injuries were observed in 53.0% and 13.3% of patients, respectively, and joint effusion was present in 60.2%. Significant associations were found between ALL injury and MRI-detected effusion (P = 0.035) as well as a positive pivot shift test (P < 0.001). No significant relationships were observed between ALL injury and age, sex, or anterior drawer test findings.
Conclusion:
ALL injuries were significantly associated with joint effusion and positive pivot shift test results in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Although a possible association with posterior cruciate ligament buckling was observed, larger studies are needed to confirm this finding.