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A Thermo-Fluid-Solid Model Thermal Damage Prediction in Laser Ablation Therapy
Shiling Song1, Yuexuan Wang1, Zhengzhao Li1
1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China.
Background:
Precise temperature control is critical for safe, effective laser ablation in minimally invasive tumour treatment, but current models lack full understanding of multi-physics coupling during the process.
Methods:
Using poroelastic theory, we developed a fully coupled optical-thermal-fluid-solid model for high-fidelity temperature prediction to optimise surgical protocols. Ex vivo experiments in pork tissue with precise needle positioning and multi-point temperature measurements validated the model.
Results:
Simulations showed thermal expansion in elastic tissues induces fluid backflow to the heating zone (thermal focussing). A smaller beam waist enhances optical penetration, while higher porosity reduces peak temperature and promotes diffusion. Validation yielded a maximum prediction error 1.73°C.
Conclusions:
This study provides a theoretical basis for precise temperature control and tissue damage prediction in laser therapy, with particular relevance to prostate tumour treatment.