Transcriptomics and overexpression analyses reveal StERF87 confers resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in potato

StERF87 directly activates StPR1a via GCC-box binding and integrates SA/ET signaling to enhance bacterial wilt resistance. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is an important food crop worldwide, yet its yield is severely constrained by bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. We used RNA-Seq to study gene expression in 'Z1076-1' at 0, 1, and 2 days post-inoculation (dpi) with R. solanacearum (10⁶ CFU mL⁻¹). We identified 6663 differentially expressed genes at 1 dpi and 7390 at 2 dpi. Calcium signaling and MAPK cascade genes were upregulated at 1 dpi. PR protein and ROS-related genes showed stronger induction at 2 dpi. The ethylene-responsive transcription factor StERF87 was continuously upregulated. Its expression increased 4.7-fold at 2 dpi, with FPKM values over 100. We selected this gene for functional analysis. Transgenic potato plants overexpressing StERF87 showed lower disease severity and reduced bacterial growth in both whole plants and tuber slices. StERF87 is a transcriptional activator that directly binds the GCC-box in the StPR1a promoter to activate its transcription. After R. solanacearum inoculation, StERF87 overexpression also increased PR1b1 expression, elevated salicylic acid and ethylene levels, reduced jasmonic acid accumulation, and altered the activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes including SOD, POD, and CAT. These results show that StERF87 regulates potato defense against R. solanacearum and may be useful for breeding bacterial wilt-resistant varieties.