FLT3-mutated AML: standards of care and ongoing investigation

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the rapid, unchecked clonal proliferation of myeloid precursor cells. It is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults and exhibits significant molecular heterogeneity. FLT3 mutations are among the most common and well-described genetic mutations in AML; they worsen overall survival and increase the relapse rate. Treatment options for FLT3-mutated AML are rapidly expanding, with an increasing number of FLT3 inhibitors being incorporated into treatment regimens. This review provides an overview of the role of FLT3 inhibitors in the current standard of care therapy in both the newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory settings. Additionally, it highlights the areas of key ongoing investigations in the treatment of FLT3-mutated AML.