Spatially Decoupled Ion Transport and Mechanical Robustness Enabled by a Molecular Scaffold Strap in Gel Polymer...

In situ gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), which confine liquid electrolytes within a polymer matrix, are promising for realizing high-safety lithium (Li) metal batteries. However, the liquid phase and the polymer matrix act as reciprocal chokes: the liquid expedites ion transport but plasticizes the matrix and compromises its mechanical strength, whereas the matrix provides rigidity yet obstructs ionic conduction. In this study, we propose a molecular scaffold strap strategy that decouples the regulation of mechanical robustness and ion transport in GPEs. Specifically, six-arm monomers are employed to form a 3D polymer matrix, while ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, with a size-matched anchoring character, acts as a scaffold strap that strengthens adjacent polymer segments. Fluorinated carbonate cosolvents further facilitate Li⁺ transport and interfacial stability. The engineered GPE exhibits a high modulus of 8.9 MPa, ionic conductivity of 3.82 × 10^-4 S cm^-1, Li⁺ transference number of 0.68, and stable electrode interfaces. The Li||LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ pouch cell (2.7 Ah) achieves 87% capacity retention after 100 cycles and exhibits an elevated self-heating onset temperature of 160.7°C. Furthermore, a high energy density of 506 Wh kg^-1 is demonstrated in the Cu||LiNi_0.92Co_0.03Mn_0.05O₂ pouch cell (3.5 Ah).