Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 10, 2026

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
Published on: March 14, 2018
Framework for Rating and Assessing Media for Early childhood (FRAME): A multidimensional coding system for analysing
Megan Gath1, Cara Swit2, Mia McLean3
1Child Well-being Research Institute, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Abstract:
Young children spend an increasing amount of time engaging with screens, including television viewing. Although most research has focused on the quantity of children's viewing, growing evidence suggests that the developmental effects of screen media depend on the quality and characteristics of the content. However, there is currently no comprehensive, developmentally informed framework for systematically assessing the features of child-directed media. We developed the Framework for Rating and Assessing Media for Early childhood (FRAME), a multidimensional content analysis framework grounded in developmental literature that measures prosocial, antisocial and aggressive, educational, emotional, cultural, mental state talk and pacing content in children's television shows. The FRAME was applied to older (N = 22) and contemporary (N = 10) television shows watched by preschool-aged (2-5 years) children in Aotearoa New Zealand to characterize their content. Inter-rater reliability across dimensions and coding categories was acceptable to excellent. Convergent validity was demonstrated through correlations with Common Sense Media ratings, while also highlighting the value of a comprehensive and differentiated coding framework beyond existing measures. These findings demonstrate the reliability and validity of the FRAME and its potential to advance research examining how specific features of child-directed media relate to developmental outcomes.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Encoding
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
Stereotype Content Model
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
Parenting Styles
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative Parenting
This...
Methods of Medium Optimization
Three Developmental Domains
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...

