Cornuside attenuates inflammatory response injury in mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by an allergic reaction. Cornuside has been reported to possess anti-allergic properties. This study aims to investigate whether cornuside can suppress AR. Mice were induced by ovalbumin (OVA) to establish AR models. The AR symptoms including sneezing and nasal rubbing were recorded, and the eosinophils in mouse mucosal tissues were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Total leucocytes in nasal lavage fluid (NLF) were quantified under a hemocytometer. Wright's Giemsa staining was utilized to quantify eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in NLF. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to detect histamine, serum cytokines (OVA-specific IgE, OVAspecific IgG1, interleukin-4, and leukotriene C4), and serum inflammation cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-13, and interleukin-17). Cornuside administration significantly reduced sneezing and nasal rubbing behaviors in mice with AR. Mice with AR exhibited more inflammatory cells and higher levels of histamine, serum cytokines, and inflammatory cytokines in the blood or NLF than the control group. However, these upregulations were all reversed by the administration of cornuside. In addition, we found that cornuside treatment improved the inflammatory condition of mice with AR dose-dependently Cornuside can attenuate the inflammatory response in mice with AR.