Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Associated With Eclampsia in a Pregnant Adolescent: A Case Report

We report the case of a 16-year-old pregnant woman at 35.4 weeks' gestation who was admitted with severe headache, lower extremity edema, and severe hypertension. Initial evaluation revealed significant proteinuria and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, consistent with severe preeclampsia, leading to an emergency cesarean section. In the immediate postoperative period, the patient developed a generalized tonic-clonic seizure associated with refractory hypertension, requiring intravenous antihypertensive and antiseizure therapy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated findings consistent with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Comprehensive management was initiated, including magnesium sulfate, strict blood pressure control, and anticonvulsants, resulting in a favorable neurological outcome without residual focal deficits. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of PRES in patients with preeclampsia/eclampsia, given its potential reversibility with timely treatment.