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A Nudge Theory-Based Mobile Health Intervention for Self-Management in Young and Middle-Aged Patients With
Yuanyuan Yang1, Wei Xu1, Yan Zhang1
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, People's Hospital of Leshan, No. 639, Huian Road, Shizhong District, Leshan, Sichuan, 614000, China, 86 08332119336.
Background:
Young and middle-aged patients with hypertension often show poor self-management due to limited cognitive bandwidth. Mobile health apps using behavioral economics may be helpful for these patients.
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness and usability of a nudge-based mobile app (LeYi) for improving self-management in young and middle-aged patients with hypertension.
Methods:
This mixed-methods pilot study used a single-group pre-post design. Thirty participants completed a 24-week intervention. Outcomes were assessed using validated scales and interviews.
Results:
Self-management scores showed significant pre-to-post improvements (median change from 68.0 to 108.5; z=4.788; P<.001), as did eHealth literacy (median change from 15.5 to 34.0; z=4.544; P<.001). Usability was favorable (median user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale score 4.5, IQR 4.0-5.0). Thematic analysis identified 6 themes that complemented the quantitative findings and highlighted technology adaptation challenges.
Conclusions:
The LeYi app may be feasible and acceptable for enhancing self-management in young and middle-aged patients with hypertension. However, a larger randomized controlled trial is needed to determine its efficacy. Embedding behavioral economics into mobile health is a promising approach to support patient engagement.
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