Serum inflammatory markers and influencing factors in patients with colorectal adenomas

This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of serum inflammatory markers (SIMs) in patients with colorectal adenomas (CRAs) and identify the associated influencing factors. A total of 420 patients who underwent colonoscopy between January 2020 and December 2025 were included in this study. Patients with colonoscopy-identified CRAs were assigned to the CRA group (n=285), whereas individuals without obvious endoscopic abnormalities served as the control group (n=135). SIMs, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as blood lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and high-/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C/LDL-C), were measured and compared between the two groups. CRA patients presented with higher TG levels, lower HDL-C levels, and elevated SIM levels compared with controls (P<0.05). Univariate analysis revealed significant between-group differences in age, smoking history, drinking history, hepatic steatosis, cholecystic polyps, gallstones, TG, and HDL-C. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that older age, smoking, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C levels, and elevated inflammatory marker levels were independent risk factors for CRAs. In conclusion, smoking, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation are independent factors associated with CRA development. In addition to lifestyle modification and lipid management, dynamic monitoring of inflammatory markers may have important clinical value for improving the early identification of individuals at high risk of CRAs.