EBUS-TBNA Diagnosis of a Hilar Pulmonary Hamartoma With Characteristic Ultrasound Findings

Pulmonary hamartoma is the most common benign lung tumour and is usually detected as a peripheral pulmonary lesion. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has emerged as a minimally invasive technique for mediastinal staging and diagnosis of thoracic lesions. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with an incidental right hilar lesion identified on computed tomography during follow-up after coronary surgery. Imaging revealed a partially calcified lesion with fatty density adjacent to the right main bronchus. Bronchoscopic examination showed no endobronchial abnormalities, while EBUS demonstrated a well-defined heterogeneous lesion with hyperechoic punctate areas and posterior acoustic shadowing. EBUS-TBNA was performed without complications. Cytological and cell block analysis demonstrated the diagnosis of pulmonary hamartoma. This case highlights the utility of EBUS-TBNA as a safe and effective diagnostic tool for centrally located pulmonary hamartomas.