Monitoring the 2023 Omicron waves in Morocco: Trends in incidence, variants, and testing disparities

To highlight the epidemiologic and evolutionary aspects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Morocco during 2023.

We performed a descriptive retrospective study from January 1 to December 31, 2023. We included all patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen test from the national database of the National Public Health Emergency Operations Center of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection.

A total of 6674 cases were recorded in 2023, with discrepancies between regions. In total, 218,745 tests were performed nationally. Furthermore, the positivity rate showed relative uniformity across all regions of Morocco, with an average of 3%. Two peaks corresponding to the circulation of Omicron variants were registered. A total of 53 severe cases of COVID-19 were recorded. Among these, 46% of patients had received three doses of the vaccine, and 15% of the patients with severe COVID-19 were completely unvaccinated.

Our study highlights a mixed picture, marked by a significant reduction in severity and mortality while also revealing persistent challenges in certain regions. This emphasizes the need for continued vigilance and improved public health strategies. By strengthening testing capacities and international collaboration, Morocco will be better prepared for future epidemics and ensure a rapid and appropriate response to new health threats.