Cryopreservation of Marine Invertebrates: From Sperm to Organismal Cryopreservation

Marine invertebrates constitute the vast majority of marine biodiversity, and they are extremely diverse and play a key role in marine ecosystems, thus playing an important role at the socioeconomic level. Some invertebrates, such as sea urchins, ascidians, and horseshoe crabs, are well-known model organisms for research and bio-compound discovery. In this chapter, we revisit the importance of cryopreservation for conservation and rational use in research, fisheries management, or aquaculture, and provide comprehensive protocols for the cryopreservation of sperm, embryos, larvae, and juveniles.