Identifying Key Intervention Attributes Driving Acceptability of Spouse/Partner-Centered HIV Interventions in Vietnam...

HIV care increasingly addresses the psychosocial challenges faced by people living with HIV. Spouse/partner-centered interventions have shown benefits for women living with HIV (WLWH) globally. However, evidence from Vietnam - a strongly family-oriented context - remains limited. Conjoint analysis (CA) is a method for assessing intervention acceptability by examining how specific intervention attributes influence respondents' willingness to engage. This study uses CA to identify key attributes driving acceptability of spouse/partner-centered interventions among Vietnamese WLWH and their partners, and to explore associations between participant characteristics and individual-level attribute impact scores.

Fifty WLWH and thirty male partners completed an anonymous REDCap survey rating six hypothetical spouse/partner-centered intervention scenarios varying in key attributes (including format, duration, spouse/partner involvement, session type, facilitator, and targeted outcomes). Willingness to participate in each intervention was rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Mixed-effects ordered logistic regression was applied to assess the likelihood of participation. Exploratory Spearman correlation analyses explored associations between participant characteristics and individual-level attribute impact scores.

In the full-sample analysis, session type had the strongest impact on the likelihood of participation (impact score = -1.65; p = 0.029), followed by spouse/partner involvement (impact score = 0.99; p = 0.022), intervention duration (impact score = 0.94; p = 0.003), and facilitator type (impact score = 0.89; p = 0.039). Exploratory analyses found no significant associations between participant characteristics and attribute impact scores (all p > 0.05).

CA identified key intervention attributes influencing willingness to participate in spouse/partner-centered interventions. Session type, spouse/partner involvement, intervention duration, and facilitator type should be considered when developing culturally appropriate interventions for WLWH in Vietnam and similar settings. The absence of significant associations in the exploratory analyses highlights the value of larger studies with more choice scenarios to better identify factors associated with individual variation in intervention preferences.