Hydrogen sulfide-releasing hydrogels: a new perspective on clinical translation

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule, plays crucial roles in physiological regulation. However, efficient delivery and controlled release of H2S remain major challenges for clinical application. Hydrogels, with the unique three-dimensional network structure, provide a versatile platform for H2S loading and controlled release, offering a promising strategy to address these limitations. This article reviews the fabrication strategies of H2S-releasing hydrogels, including H2S donors, hydrogel properties, and incorporation strategies. In addition, biomedical applications of H2S-releasing hydrogels, including neurological therapy, cardiovascular therapy, regulation of vascular tone and angiogenesis, bone metabolism, wound healing, and others, are discussed. By integrating current advances, the article aims to provide new perspectives for the further development and clinical translation of H2S-releasing hydrogels.