"I'm Not the Only One": A Qualitative Study on the Experiences of Peer Support for Bipolar Disorder in Chile

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental health condition often associated with emotional isolation, stigma, and social disengagement. While pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions remain central to treatment, peer support has emerged as a promising complementary approach that fosters agency, psychosocial recovery, and affective connection. This study explored the perceived effectiveness of Peer Support Groups (also known as Peer Support Circles or CAPs in Spanish)-a pioneering, community-based intervention in Chile for individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD). The research examined participants' experiences, focusing on relational benefits, challenges, and group dynamics. A qualitative design was used. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants (7 peer supporters and 10 peer participants). Data were analyzed using Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) and intersubjective validation was performed within the research team. Three main analytical categories were identified: (1) Benefits of participating in the CAPs, (2) Conditions that enable CAPs' effective functioning, and (3) Challenges and limitations CAPs face. The central phenomenon that emerged was the CAPs' capacity to lower the barrier of isolation commonly experienced by people with BD through relational safety and peer-driven meaning-making. CAPs operate not only as spaces for support and psychoeducation but also as platforms for identity reconstruction and community reintegration. Findings highlight the value of peer-led models for advancing recovery-oriented care and the importance of institutional support to sustain them and maximize their impact.