Investigation of the Protective Effect of Centella asiatica Against Doxorubicin-Induced Testicular Damage in Rats

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an antineoplastic agent commonly used in cancer therapy that is known for its testicular toxicity. DOX-induced testicular injury involves inflammation, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress. Centella asiatica exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present experimental study aimed to determine the potential protective efficacy of Centella asiatica in a rat model of doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity. Rats were randomly assigned to four groups: healthy control (HC), CA, DOX, and CA + DOX (CADX). An oral dose of 200 mg/kg Centella asiatica was administered to the CA and CADX groups. The HC and DOX groups received saline. One hour later, DOX (7.5 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into the DOX and CADX groups on days 1, 4, and 7. Centella asiatica markedly attenuated the DOX-induced increase in malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, while preventing the decrease in superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue (p < 0.001). Centella asiatica reduced the severity of DOX-induced morphological damage in testicular tissue (p < 0.05). Moreover, it partially restored reproductive hormone function. In conclusion, Centella asiatica demonstrates significant potential in mitigating DOX-induced oxidative damage, attenuating testicular injury and preserving the functional integrity of the male reproductive system.