Prenatal Ultrasound Screening for Corpus Callosum Anomalies: A Narrative Review

Prenatal detection of agenesis of the corpus callosum (CC) anomalies is a challenge. Although a correct diagnosis of anomalies of the CC requires direct examination of the CC in the mid-sagittal plane of the foetal brain, the international guidelines on the mid-trimester morphology scan do not recommend such direct examination of the CC in low-risk populations because of the associated technical difficulties. Recently, such routine direct assessment has been recommended by several international experts in a consensus statement. The implementation of such routine direct assessment is not easy given the difficulties encountered in obtaining the mid-sagittal view of the CC. As such, it is the time to revisit the various two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound techniques with a view to improve visualisation of the CC. The aim of this narrative review article is to discuss the use of various prenatal ultrasound screening methods of CC anomalies including standard axial views, more detailed axial views, the mid-sagittal view, the transvaginal approach, and 3D reconstruction. New insights on screening methods, and a pragmatic approach are also shared.