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Long-term decline in above-ground carbon sinks in Brazilian tropical and subtropical forests
Vinícius Andrade Maia1, Natália de Aguiar-Campos2,3, Fernanda Coelho de Souza4
1Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil. vinicius.a.maia77@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Recent evidence indicates that Brazilian forests are shifting from persistent carbon sinks to emerging carbon sources, with important implications for the global climate. To investigate this trend, we analyse long-term census data from 49 forest sites spanning southeast and southern Brazil, including tropical and subtropical forests. We examine above-ground carbon dynamics and its relationship with tree diversity and functional traits that are tightly linked with species' carbon processing and storage capacities. Our findings reveal a long-term trend of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic homogenisation and a decline in the forests' above-ground carbon sink. Specifically, homogeneous forests have lower carbon losses, whilst forests with more conservative species are associated with greater carbon gains and lower carbon losses. Overall, our study establishes a baseline to understand and predict the above-ground carbon sink in the face of ongoing climate change in this region.
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