Lorenz-Gini method for quantitative assessment of particle distribution in composite microstructures from SEM feature...

Quantitative evaluation of reinforcement dispersion in composite microstructures is still often based on qualitative interpretation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, particularly in agro-waste-reinforced MMC studies. This method presents a statistical approach for describing particle distribution using Lorenz curves and the Gini coefficient derived from segmented microstructural data. Particle areas obtained from image analysis are used to construct cumulative distributions. This enables quantitative assessment of inequality in the projected-area contribution of particles used to support reinforcement-dispersion evaluation. The approach provides a reproducible framework for comparing projected particle-area contribution patterns across samples without relying on subjective visual interpretation. The method is applicable to particulate-reinforced systems where feature size distributions can be extracted from micrographs. The study:•Converts segmented microstructural features into cumulative distributions for dispersion analysis.•Uses Lorenz curves to represent distribution patterns of reinforcement phases.•Applies the Gini coefficient as a scalar metric for comparing dispersion across samples.