MnZn bimetallic metal-organic framework derivatives for peracetic acid activation and ciprofloxacin removal

MnZn bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) derivatives were synthesized by precipitation followed by calcination in a tube furnace. Incorporating Zn increased the specific surface area and produced a more uniform mesoporous structure in MnZn₂-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate-600 (MnZn₂-BTC-600), thereby providing additional sites for adsorption and peracetic acid (PAA)-mediated transformation. Under the optimized conditions, the MnZn₂-BTC-600/PAA system removed 91.6% of ciprofloxacin (CIP) at an initial concentration of 10 mg/L. The system maintained CIP removal across a broad pH range and was relatively resistant to interference from common anions. Quenching and electron paramagnetic resonance experiments suggested that ¹O₂ was the predominant reactive species. Potential CIP transformation pathways were proposed, and ECOSAR predictions indicated that two intermediates remained within the hazardous range for chronic toxicity. Reuse tests, removal experiments with other antibiotics, and treatment of hospital wastewater further indicated the applicability of the system. These results support MnZn₂-BTC-600 as a candidate material for coupling pollutant adsorption with PAA-mediated transformation.