Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 19, 2026

Exercise Test for Evaluation of the Functional Efficacy of the Pig Cardiovascular System
Published on: May 12, 2023
Cardiovascular Disease and Androgens: Clinical Trends, Potential Mechanisms, and Considerations for Engineering
Madeline N Monroe1, Alexander L Curylo2, Farshad Amirkhosravi1,3
1Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., MS 142, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
Abstract:
This review summarizes the current understanding of androgen physiology, relationships between androgens and cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and novel engineering approaches to study the effect of androgens on CV system. Testosterone (T), the primary sex hormone in biological males and a potent sex hormone in females, is the androgen of focus for this review. In the cardiovascular system, T signaling is seen through varying genomic and non-genomic mechanisms, which are further detailed in this review. Varying androgen levels in aging adults can significantly impact CVD outcomes, particularly for males. We also consider the implication of exogenous T treatment and androgen deprivation treatments on CVD. Furthermore, androgen-related trends in different CVD processes such as cardiac hypertrophy, congestive heart failure, atherosclerosis, calcific aortic valve disease, and aneurysms are explored. To that end, we present opportunities for novel tissue engineered approaches to discovering mechanisms and potential therapeutic pathways for androgen-related CV conditions.
Related Concept Videos
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
Atherosclerosis III: Management
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...