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Updated: Sep 19, 2026

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides (CHIPS)
Published on: June 20, 2014
Copper-mediated aerobic intramolecular C-H amination and oxidation of indoles
Yogesh Sharma1,2, Shweta Garg1, Nurina Saini1,2
1Division of Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, 160036, India. vinod.chaudhari@csir.res.in.
Abstract:
The regioselective functionalization of C-H bonds and the utilization of molecular oxygen (O2) as a terminal oxidant remain tremendous challenges in synthetic organic chemistry. Herein, a copper-mediated strategy for the construction of fused indolo-imidazolinone frameworks has been developed from 2-(1H-indol-1-yl)aniline derivatives through an initial intramolecular C(sp2)-H amination at the indole C-2 position, followed by a mechanistically distinct aerobic C-3 ketonization driven by molecular oxygen. This operationally simple protocol highlights the dual role of copper in C-N bond formation and subsequent oxidation, offering a practical route to synthetically valuable indole-fused heterocycles.
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