Shunting energy flow and current in a neural circuit

Neural circuits serve as the fundamental tool for exploring the working mechanism of neurons, with the core being the firing activity mediated by ion channels. However, previous studies have shown a lack of sufficient exploration of the role of ion channels in neuronal electrical activities and their regulatory mechanisms. Ion channels not only serve as the basis for generating, conducting action potentials, and executing synaptic transmission, but also directly affect the processing and transmission of neural signals. To deeply analyze the precise influence of ion channels on neuronal firings, this study constructed a neural circuit model. Magnetic control memristors were introduced in the ion channel branch to enhance the effect of ion channels. At the same time, a capacitor C ₂ was connected in parallel with the magnetic control memristor to achieve the shunting effect of the ion channel current. Additionally, by connecting a nonlinear resistor NR in series with the voltage source, we effectively broadened the stimulation frequency band and enriched the frequency response characteristics of neurons. Numerical simulation results show that this model can induce bifurcation phenomena between chaotic and periodic firings in the neuronal system by directly adjusting the parameters of ion channels. Its dynamic behavior exhibits significant dependence on the range of parameter adjustment. In terms of noise influence, it was found that the system can achieve coherent resonance (CR) at a lower noise intensity. Furthermore, we designed an adaptive energy control scheme, enabling neurons to spontaneously regulate the parameter λ of the shunt device according to their internal energy state, thereby achieving precise control of neuronal firing patterns. The results of this study provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for understanding and manipulating the role of ion channels in the signal processing of neurons.