Dermatological Manifestations of Emergent Viruses. Part I: Common and Vaccine-Preventable Viral Infections

Viral infections frequently present with mucocutaneous manifestations that may provide diagnostic clues and guide timely management. However, the expanding therapeutic landscape and evolving public health recommendations highlight the need for an updated evidence-based review for dermatologists. Herein, we summarize the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prevention of common and vaccine-preventable viral infections with dermatologic relevance, including Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), mpox, measles, and rubella. Advances in antiviral therapies, immunomodulators, vaccination, and post-exposure prophylaxis have improved outcomes for several infections. Recognition of characteristic skin findings, familiarity with current diagnostic approaches, and implementation of evidence-based prevention strategies are essential for early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and limiting disease transmission.