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Magnetic compression and a kinematic signature of surface melting in current-driven metal loads
A W Klemmer1, S E Kreher2, T M Hutchinson3
1University of Nevada, Reno, Department of Physics, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
Abstract:
In current-driven metal loads, a nonlinear magnetic-diffusion wave carries current and Joule heating inward from the electrical skin-depth layer, coupling the electromagnetic drive to material compression, melting, and expansion. Photon Doppler velocimetry of electrically thick aluminum measures premelt radial magnetic compression of 34.8±2.1 nm and an acceleration transition during surface melting. Interpreted with one-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic calculations, the measured velocity history gives a model-assisted solid-liquid transition duration of 4.5±0.7ns. The result is a validation-relevant surface-motion constraint for integrated current-driven material models, complementary to direct pressure-density-temperature measurements of aluminum.
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