Clinical Profile of Ingested Foreign Bodies in Children: A Single-Center Study

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, types, and locations of foreign bodies, as well as the clinical manifestations and outcomes following endoscopic extraction in pediatric patients. Methodology This prospective observational study included 75 children aged 0-12 years who presented with suspected foreign body ingestion at the Medical Trust Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India. Detailed clinical histories, physical examinations, radiographic assessments, and endoscopic findings were recorded and analyzed. Results This study included 75 patients, including 35 (46.7%) males and 40 (53.3%) females. A statistically significant association was observed between gender and the site of impaction (p = 0.012). Lower esophageal involvement was noted in seven (20.0%) males and seven (17.5%) females. Foreign bodies were detected and endoscopically managed in 50 (66.7%) patients. A sensation of a foreign body was reported in 21 (84.0%) females and 12 (48.0%) males (p = 0.043). Coins were the most common objects, predominantly lodged in the post-cricoid region and the esophagus, whereas food impactions occurred exclusively in the esophagus, and needles were found in the stomach and duodenum. Endoscopic removal was successful in all cases within 24 hours, with no major complications. Five (6.7%) patients required a hospital stay of three days because of minor mucosal ulceration, which resolved with conservative management. Conclusions Foreign body ingestion is common among toddlers due to exploratory behavior and inadequate supervision. Coins and fish bones are the most frequently ingested items, with impaction sites and clinical presentations varying significantly by gender. Early diagnosis and prompt endoscopic removal are crucial for preventing complications. Public awareness and parental education play a vital role in reducing the incidence of these cases.