Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 23, 2026

Corneal and Limbal Alkali Injury Induction Using a Punch-Trephine Technique in a Mouse Model
Published on: August 4, 2023
Sodium Amide Eye Injury: Eye Injury After Sodium Amide Explosion
Gretchen Weiss1, Cody Manzanero2, Cameron McGlone2
1Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA, buffalo.edu.
Abstract:
Alkaline chemical injuries are a common ocular trauma, with potentially devastating consequences. We report the initial 36-month course of healing of a 23-year-old male with bilateral partial chemical burns of the eyes from an industrial sodium amide explosion. To our knowledge, this is the first specific report of a case of ocular chemical injury with sodium amide. Persistent epithelial defects of cornea and conjunctiva, tissue melting, fibrovascular pannus, and symblepharon were consequences of this injury. Medical management, amniotic membrane application, and resection of fibrovascular tissue achieved limited control of the sequelae of the injury.
Related Concept Videos
Physical Properties of Amines
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
Acid Halides to Amides: Aminolysis
In the first step of the aminolysis mechanism, the amine attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acyl chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the second step, the carbonyl group is re-formed with the elimination of a chloride...
Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...
