Incidence and Prevalence of Lens Subluxation or Dislocation Following Cataract Surgery in Patients with Uveitis

The United States TriNetX database was queried using ICD-10 codes to identify subjects with infectious or non-infectious uveitis with subsequent cataract surgery between January 1, 2013 and 12/31/2023. Adult and pediatric cohorts were created and assessed for the incidence and prevalence of lens subluxation or dislocation after surgery. Demographics collected included age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Control cohorts were included for comparison.

Within the TriNetX database, 18 973 patients were identified as having a history of uveitis and subsequent cataract surgery. The mean age was 68 years [Standard Deviation (SD) = 16], and most were female (N = 11,113; 58.57%), non-Hispanic or Latino (N = 13,784; 72.65%), and White (N = 10,858; 57.23%). Within this cohort, patients with uveitis of all subtypes demonstrated an incidence of lens subluxation that was greater than non-uveitic controls. When stratified, patients with posterior (infectious cohort) and panuveitis (non-infectious cohort) demonstrated higher rates at 0.416% (416 per 100,000) and 0.286% (286 per 100,000). Variation was observed across demographic groups. Pediatric subgroup analyses were limited by sample size and data suppression, and while higher rates were seen compared to controls, these findings are not robust and should be interpreted with caution.

In uveitis patients, lens subluxation or dislocation following cataract surgery was observed at a measurable frequency. Rates varied across demographic and clinical subgroups, underscoring the importance of perioperative management and follow-up. Further research is needed on modifiable factors associated with outcomes in this population.