Asking pragmatic and RAD questions about organoid intelligence
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1Department of Social Ethics, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany.
Trends in Biotechnology
|September 22, 2026
Abstract:
Debates about whether organoid intelligence systems are conscious, or can suffer, often stall on the question of what these organoid entities and systems are. A reflexive, anticipatory, and deliberative approach, grounded in a moral principle of complexity, instead asks what they do and provides guidance on that basis. Unanswerable questions are transformed into more workable processes.

