Non-positive Airway Pressure Therapies for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Central Sleep Apnoea

Obstructive sleep apnoea and central sleep apnoea are common disorders, particularly in people with congestive heart failure. Continuous positive airway pressure provides transformative benefits for some patients, but is not always well tolerated. Thus, considerable focus is now being placed on alternative therapies for sleep-disordered breathing, including non-positive airway pressure therapy. Advances in pharmacology have led to a variety of options to treat both obstructive and central sleep apnoea. In addition, these approaches may have major benefits from the perspective of preventing the complications of sleep-disordered breathing. In the case of tirzepatide, the Food and Drug Administration recently approved this medication for the treatment of moderate-to-severe sleep apnoea in people with obesity. However, further data are required regarding how best to improve both subjective and objective hard outcomes in people with congestive heart failure and sleep-disordered breathing.