Uncertainty aware resilience enhancement of energy hub integrated distribution networks under heterogeneous disturbance events

This study develops a 24 h mixed integer linear programming framework for resilient operation of an integrated electricity, gas, and heat distribution system with energy hubs under prescribed outages and operating uncertainty. Electrical and thermal demand and wind and photovoltaic shortfalls are represented through budgeted polyhedral adverse point scheduling. Five cases compare a no-event reference, a combined outage baseline, radial reconfiguration, energy storage, and coordinated electrical and thermal demand response on the IEEE 33-bus system. Energy storage provides the strongest overall performance, reducing operating cost, expected energy not supplied, and peak shedding by 20.33%, 49.26%, and 30.44% relative to the combined outage baseline. Reconfiguration reduces shedding hours from 19 to 9 and the longest interruption from 19 to 5 h. Sensitivity and fixed plan stress analyses preserve the favorable storage ranking, showing that coordinated multi-energy flexibility can improve service continuity under heterogeneous disturbances.