Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 25, 2026

Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation
Published on: December 5, 2025
Hypoxemia Surrounding Enteral Feeds in Preterm Infants Receiving Extended Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
Abstract:
Objectives Hypoxemia is common in preterm infants and associated with morbidities. We evaluated the relationship between OG feeds and hypoxemia and the effect of extending CPAP. Design/Methods In this prospective substudy of the NHLBI-supported trial (NCT04295564), stable preterm infants were randomized to two additional weeks of CPAP (eCPAP) or CPAP discontinuation (dCPAP) to room air. Oxygen saturation was analyzed before, during, and after feeds in 30 infants. The primary outcome was percent time with SpO 2 <90%; secondary outcomes included percent time with SpO 2 <80%, IH episodes < 90% and < 80%. Results Infants randomized to eCPAP spent significantly less time with SpO 2 <90% than dCPAP infants before, during, and after feedings, including a 6.8 percentage-point reduction post-feed (p = 0.006). No differences were observed for SpO 2 <80%. eCPAP infants also experienced fewer IH episodes < 90% over the two-week study period (p = 0.02) Conclusions Extending CPAP reduced hypoxemia in preterm infants. OG feedings were not associated with increased hypoxemia or IH.
Related Concept Videos
Endotracheal Tube Extubation
Procedure
Extubation removes the endotracheal tube (ETT) from the patient on mechanical ventilation. It requires a well-coordinated, multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare professionals.
Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)
Physiological Control of Respiration
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
