Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 26, 2026

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System
Published on: October 22, 2020
Commentary: Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Historical Perspective
Joel B Greenhouse1, Christopher J Phillips2
1Department of Statistics & Data ScienceCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburgh, PA, USA.
Abstract:
Smoking and Lung Cancer (1959) is a compelling case study of the nature of proof and causation in medicine. It should be understood as the culmination of years of work to find rigorous methods for making statistically and rhetorically convincing accounts of how associations might be deemed to be causal. In this comment, we highlight several papers written during the 1950s by Jerome Cornfield that illustrate the role he played in laying the groundwork for this important and influential work.
Related Concept Videos
Observational Studies
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One example of...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
Other Pulmonary Disorders

