Examining physicians' behaviors regarding buprenorphine prescribing for opioid use disorder

The opioid overdose crisis affects approximately 2.1 million Americans with opioid use disorder (OUD). Buprenorphine is an effective treatment that reduces mortality and supports recovery, yet physician perceptions and behaviors influence its prescribing. Understanding these factors is crucial for expanding access. This study examines California physicians' prescribing behaviors regarding buprenorphine for OUD.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted via Qualtrics among California physicians. In total, we received 101 completed responses, representing various specialties and practice environments. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including independent t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, were used to analyze the data and examine demographic differences in prescribing behaviors.

Most respondents indicated a low demand for buprenorphine treatment and disagreed with the adequacy of naloxone access in overdose situations. Many of the physicians did not view Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) interference as a major concern and felt that stigma did not hinder their ability to treat OUD. Male physicians reported obtaining buprenorphine training to be more challenging than did their female counterparts. Physicians in suburban settings expressed greater concerns about DEA involvement than those in urban areas. Furthermore, physicians with a Drug Addiction Treatment Act-Waiver felt better supported and trained than those without one.

This study sheds light on California physicians' views and behaviors regarding prescribing buprenorphine for OUD. The challenges related to required training for buprenorphine prescribing indicate an area that needs further research. Additionally, concerns about DEA regulations in suburban areas and limited access to naloxone in overdose situations highlight the need for targeted interventions.