Perioperative nursing care for patients with fibrosing mediastinitis-associated pulmonary hypertension undergoing percutaneous intervention

To summarize the perioperative nursing experience of patients with pulmonary hypertension caused by fibrosing mediastinitis (PH-FM) undergoing interventional therapy, and to provide evidence-based guidance for clinical nursing practice.

A total of 54 PH-FM patients admitted to our center from May 2024 to August 2025 were treated with pulmonary vascular interventional therapy, and a comprehensive perioperative nursing protocol was implemented, encompassing, including preoperative assessment and preparation, intraoperative monitoring and intraoperative collaboration, postoperative complication prevention, and rehabilitation guidance.

All 54 patients successfully completed the procedure with no procedural mortality. Only 25 patients with pulmonary artery stenosis and 19 patients with pulmonary vein stenosis had complete paired hemodynamic data. The results revealed that the mean trans-stenotic pressure gradient of the pulmonary artery decreased by 27.64 mmHg, and that of the pulmonary vein decreased by 21.89 mmHg, with significant improvements in hemodynamic indicators. Intraoperative complications included 5 cases of hemoptysis, 7 cases of cough, 2 cases of vasovagal reactions, and 1 case of chest tightness; postoperative complications included 1 case of lung injury and 1 case of hematuria, all of which were managed promptly. All patients were discharged in stable condition 4-11 days after procedure. During follow-up, the restenosis rate was 9.30% for pulmonary artery lesions and 22.73% for pulmonary vein lesions.

Comprehensive and individualized perioperative nursing care for PH-FM patients receiving interventional procedures is associated with early identification and management of complications, favorable procedural safety and improved patient rehabilitation, showing promising correlations with better clinical outcomes in routine care.