Diffusion tensor imaging measurements for computer-aided diagnosis of autism: derived data from ABIDE II

Advancing the understanding of neuroimaging biomarkers in neurodevelopmental research requires structured, well-documented datasets to support reproducibility and comparative analyses. This dataset comprises diffusion MRI-derived measurements from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE II) database-fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD)-across multiple brain regions for both ASD and control groups, associated with unique image identifiers. Data were generated using standardized image acquisition and computational processing pipelines, resulting in uniformly processed and reproducible quantitative region-specific metrics to facilitate cross-sectional comparative studies. The dataset is structured with explicit metadata, detailed variable descriptions, and complete case records to support programmatic access and automated workflows. Data visualization and harmonization codes accompany the dataset. This resource enables the investigation of white matter microstructural properties in relation to autism through different analytical approaches, including hypothesis testing, machine learning, and meta-analyses. The structured format and transparent documentation promote its reuse in other neuroimaging studies. FAIR²Data Portal: https://www.doi.org/10.71728/senscience.dbrh-5zc8.