Effects of DPP4 Inhibition on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication, with inflammation and oxidative stress playing a significant role in its pathogenesis. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of vildagliptin on metabolic, hormonal, inflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters in an STZ-induced GDM model. Rats were divided into five groups: control, GDM, GDM + V10, GDM + V20 and GDM + V30. High blood glucose levels were observed in the GDM group, while a slight decrease was observed in the vildagliptin groups. While GLP-1 levels decreased in the GDM group, they increased in the GDM + V20 and GDM + V30 groups. Overall, an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines were observed in the GDM group, while vildagliptin administration reversed these effects. Among the vildagliptin groups, IL-10 was found to be lowest and IL-6 highest in the GDM + V20 group. Although fluctuations were generally observed in oxidative stress markers, the highest MDA levels and the lowest GSH levels were found in the GDM + V20 group. In the GDM group, FW and PE were lower, and PW was higher. In contrast, FW and PE were higher, and PW was lower in the GDM + V30 group than in the GDM group. The best results were obtained at a dose of 30 mg/kg; however, further research is needed to confirm this effect.