Co-Infection of PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 in a Single Sow: Complete Genome Characterization Reveals a Novel CH-1a-Backbone Recombinant with an NADC30-Derived Nsp2 in China
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A Seamless Cloning Approach for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Expression Vector Construction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Jiakai Li1, Shuo Li2, Jie Han2
1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Abstract:
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has the characteristics of a fast evolution rate and high genetic heterogeneity. PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 are co-circulating, and the threat they pose to the health of pigs worldwide continues to rise. In this study, two PRRSV strains with significantly different genetic backgrounds, namely SHEU-2022 (PRRSV-1, full length 15,050 nt) and SHCH-2023 (PRRSV-2, full length 15,019 nt), were simultaneously isolated from a single serum sample of a co-infected sow in Shanghai, China, and their whole-genome characteristics were analyzed. SHEU-2022 clustered with indigenous PRRSV-1 isolates in China, harbored a unique 15-nt deletion in the ORF3-ORF4 overlapping region, carried an additional N-glycosylation site on GP5, and replicated only in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) under the conditions used. SHCH-2023 is a novel recombinant strain with a CH-1a-like (lineage 8) genome backbone and two NADC30-derived fragments-one in Nsp2 (sublineage 1.8) carrying the characteristic 131-amino acid deletion and one in the GP2/E region; it replicated in both PAMs and Marc-145 cells, though this may partly reflect the enrichment procedure. No PRRSV-1/PRRSV-2 recombination was detected between the two co-infected strains.
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