Electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry in radiotherapy: Review of performance and clinical applications

This comparative study analyzes the application of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosimetry in radiation therapy through the investigation of materials such as sugar, glucose, alanine, lithium formate monohydrate (LFM), and sulfamic acid irradiated with photon and electron beams. The experimental protocols reported, including sample preparation, irradiation conditions, and spectrum processing using peak-to-peak amplitude, double integration, or spectral deconvolution, demonstrate that these dosimetric materials exhibit excellent linearity, radiation-dependent sensitivity, and good signal stability during storage. However, the lack of standardization and the presence of measurement uncertainties still limit their clinical implementation. The objective of this review is to compare the studied materials in terms of their dosimetric performance and to highlight the limitations of each dosimeter with respect to the most suitable clinical applications.