Low-Cost Vegetal Simulation for Ear Reconstruction (Otopoiesis) Training: A Technical Report

Autologous ear reconstruction (otopoiesis) involves a steep learning curve because costal cartilage is a nonrenewable biological resource with no margin for error. Consequently, early preclinical training is valuable, yet high-fidelity commercial simulators remain expensive and inaccessible in resource-limited settings. This report describes the educational feasibility and implementation of a low-cost, low-fidelity vegetal simulation model (raw potato) for early-stage otopoiesis carving training within a continuing medical education workshop. Sixteen maxillofacial surgery residents (N=16), organized into junior-senior dyads, took part in an anatomical prebriefing, 2D-to-3D template transfer, and step-by-step carving of five distinct ear components based on Firmin's technique, under continuous formative supervision by two senior surgeons. Educational impact was assessed using an anonymous 10-item knowledge questionnaire administered before and after the workshop and an anonymous post-workshop satisfaction survey. Mean knowledge scores improved from 56.0% (pretest, N=15) to 80.0% (post-test, N=8), with improvement or stability across all 10 items. All satisfaction survey respondents (100%, 9/9) agreed that the workshop improved their three-dimensional spatial understanding of auricular architecture, and 77.8% (7/9) reported a clear improvement in theoretical knowledge, consistent with the objective knowledge gain. In conclusion, low-fidelity vegetal simulation appears to be a feasible, accessible, and low-cost educational tool for introducing the conceptual and procedural foundations of early-stage otopoiesis training; however, it does not replace hands-on training with higher-fidelity or biological models before live surgery.