Head and Neck Cancer Care in Patients with Obesity: Practical Considerations from Diagnosis to Adjuvant Therapy

Obesity is increasingly common among patients evaluated for head and neck cancer and can complicate care even if it does not change core oncologic principles. This review follows the patient with obesity from initial referral through diagnostic evaluation, imaging, operative planning, wound management, and adjuvant therapy. Emphasis is placed on avoiding diagnostic anchoring, recognizing limitations of physical examination, using ultrasound and cross-sectional imaging efficiently, anticipating operative pitfalls, and preventing delays to postoperative radiation and/or systemic therapy. The goal is care delivered with greater anticipation, precision, and coordination for this growing and highly relevant population.