Ketone-targeting Approaches in Glioma

Metabolic dysregulation in gliomas creates a therapeutic vulnerability for interventions such as ketogenic metabolic therapies (KMTs). KMTs can take many forms, including fasting, ketogenic diet therapy, exogenous ketone supplementation, or a combination. Preclinical evidence suggests that these approaches can impair tumor growth, normalize the tumor microenvironment, and enhance sensitivity to cancer-directed therapies. Clinical studies highlight not only the safety of KMTs but also the challenges related to tolerability and biological effect. Here, we summarize preclinical and clinical data on ketone-targeting approaches in gliomas, as well as future directions toward improved implementation.