Trends and disparities in herpes zoster vaccination coverage among US adults with cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a risk factor for herpes zoster. Patients with CVD may benefit from zoster vaccination to prevent zoster and its complications. However, zoster vaccination coverage and factors associated with being vaccinated among this population remain unclear.

We examined trends in zoster vaccination and identified factors associated with being vaccinated among US adults with CVD.

Data from the 2011 to 2022 National Health Interview Survey were used. The study population was adults aged ≥50 years with CVD. Joinpoint regression models were used to analyze vaccination trends, and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with vaccine uptake.

Zoster vaccination coverage among adults with CVD increased significantly from 12.2% in 2011 to 40.5% in 2022 (p<0.01), with the most rapid increase from 2011 to 2014 (annual percent change: 21.4%; 95% confidence interval=14.1%-37.5%, p<0.01). Coverage of Shingrix also increased over time. Older age (≥70 years), female sex, and higher socioeconomic status were significantly associated with vaccination.

Zoster vaccination coverage increased among US adults with CVD, but disparities remained. These findings highlight the need for targeted strategies to increase zoster vaccination in this population.