Dynamic tapered nozzle and multiple waveform modulation enable high-speed piezoelectric jetting without satellite...

Piezoelectric drop-on-demand inkjet printing enables controlled microdroplet deposition in microfluidics, biomanufacturing, and precision manufacturing. However, conventional pressure chamber piezoelectric printheads are susceptible to viscous dissipation and nozzle clogging, exhibit limited adaptability to high-viscosity, low-surface-tension liquids and particle/cell suspensions, and struggle to suppress satellite droplets effectively. These limitations hinder their practical deployment in high-precision and high-stability inkjet applications. Here, a dynamic tapered nozzle generates droplets through local self-pumping induced by geometric deformation rather than pressure-wave propagation in a conventional pressure chamber. Structural optimization enabled droplet velocities of 5.42-12.67 m s^-1 and stable ejection at viscosities up to 40.3 mPa s, surface tensions of 24.44-72.75 mN m^-1, and Z values of 1.01-38.11. Mechanistic analysis identified high-frequency residual nozzle oscillations as the primary cause of ligament stretching and secondary breakup. Based on this mechanism, a multiple waveform modulation strategy is devised to dynamically regulate the nozzle displacement response. This strategy effectively suppresses satellite droplets during high-speed ejection while maintaining printing throughput and achieves a 32% reduction in droplet diameter. The satellite-droplet suppression effect is further validated in a 0.5 wt% SiO₂ nanoparticle suspension and a 10 wt% PVP K30 solution. The platform enables high-viability printing of MC3T3 cells and carrier-free intracellular delivery of 70 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran, establishing a feasible pathway for high-speed and stable ejection across broad fluid property ranges with low clogging risk.