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Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
Published on: August 26, 2025
Pulmonary Vein Stenosis Following Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation Presenting With Massive Pleural Effusion: A Case
Yasuhiko Nikaido1, Kei Yamasaki2, Tatsuya Shingu1
1Department of Respiratory Medicine Kitakyushu General Hospital Kitakyushu Japan.
Abstract:
We report a rare case of pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) presenting with massive pleural effusion 5 months after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation. A 58-year-old woman developed persistent fever, cough, and left lower lobe consolidation with a large pleural effusion. Initial antibiotic therapy was ineffective. Three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) revealed severe stenosis of the left inferior pulmonary vein. Following balloon angioplasty, both pulmonary consolidation and pleural effusion resolved. Because PVS may present with nonspecific findings and delayed onset, it should be considered in patients with unexplained pulmonary infiltrates or pleural effusion after RFCA.
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