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Network analysis of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Brazilian nursing workers

Lacir José Santin Júnior1, Isabely Karoline da Silva Ribeiro1, Samuel Andrade de Oliveira1

  • 1Universidade de São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.

Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem
|October 1, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

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Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
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Psychological Responses to Stress

Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
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Components of Stress

Stress analysis under multiple loading conditions is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive grasp of normal and shearing stresses. Consider a small cube at point O, subjected to stress on all six faces, visible or not. Normal stress components σx, σy, σz act perpendicularly to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components τxy and τxz are exerted on faces perpendicular to these axes.
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Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
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Regular exercise and meditation serve as essential tools in managing stress and promoting physical and mental well-being.
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